Attorney Jessie Paluch, founder of TruLaw, has over 25 years of experience as a personal injury and mass tort attorney, and previously worked as an international tax attorney at Deloitte. Jessie collaborates with attorneys nationwide — enabling her to share reliable, up-to-date legal information with our readers.
Legally Reviewed
This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy and clarity by the team of writers and legal experts at TruLaw and is as accurate as possible. This content should not be taken as legal advice from an attorney. If you would like to learn more about our owner and experienced injury lawyer, Jessie Paluch, you can do so here.
Fact-Checked
TruLaw does everything possible to make sure the information in this article is up to date and accurate. If you need specific legal advice about your case, contact us by using the chat on the bottom of this page. This article should not be taken as advice from an attorney.
Where Are PFAS Used?
PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances) are everywhere.
In fact, according to biogeochemist Elsie Sunderland of Harvard University, who was interviewed by PBS in 2021, detectable levels of PFAS can be found in 98 to 99 percent of all people.
PFAS are man-made chemicals that have been used for decades in a broad range of consumer, commercial, and industrial applications.
PFAS chemicals are used to manufacture fluoropolymer coatings and products that repel water, heat, grease, oil, and stains, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC).
There are thousands of different chemicals that fall under the category of PFAS, though two of the most common and widely researched are PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid) and PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid).
PFOA and PFOS have been discontinued in the United States, but can still be found in certain imported materials.
They can also be found in the environment because one of the main characteristics of PFAS is that they are virtually indestructible.
That’s why they’re known as “forever chemicals.”
Because they don’t break down or decompose over time, they can contaminate drinking water and soil, leading to animal and human exposure.
PFAS chemicals are commonly used to manufacture nonstick cookware. The original substance that was used to make Teflon is no longer on the market in the United States due to safety concerns, but present-day Teflon is made with other PFAS that may be just as hazardous to human health.
Fast food wrappers, the oil and grease resistant paper found in pizza boxes, and food product packaging are all commonly made with PFAS chemicals.
PFAS chemicals are also used to make stain-resistant fabrics, furniture, and carpet, such as carpet that has been treated with Scotchgard.
Water-repellent clothing, such as everyday rain jackets, is frequently made with PFAS chemicals.
Many cosmetics, including lipsticks, waterproof mascara, foundation, nail polish, eyeliner, and other makeup products, may include PFAS that may end up getting absorbed directly through the skin. Hygiene products, including shampoo and cleansers, can also contain PFAS chemicals.
Firefighting gear, which is designed to repel water, heat, and oil, typically contains PFAS chemicals. Firefighting foam, which has been used for decades by firefighters, also contains PFAS. Firefighting foam was regularly used by U.S. military firefighters, who began using the foam to put out fires in the 1960s, as well as firefighters at airports, where using firefighting foam was required up until 2018. While firefighting foam has been very effective in controlling fires, it has also been a source of pollution, as it releases PFAS into the environment.
Humans can be exposed to PFAS through a variety of consumer and industrial products, as well as through environmental sources.
People who work in chemical plants where PFAS is manufactured are more likely to be exposed to the chemical than the average person.
Firefighters are also more likely to be exposed to PFAS due to frequent and prolonged exposure to the chemicals.
And people who live in areas where PFAS is manufactured or where firefighting foam was used to put out a wildfire could also potentially be exposed to higher levels of PFAS.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), PFAS can be found in water, soil, air, and even fish, both in the United States and everywhere around the world.
Although more research is needed to determine whether low levels of PFAS are harmful to humans, studies have suggested that significant exposure to PFAS can lead to certain types of cancer, including kidney cancer, testicular cancer, and prostate cancer.
PFAS may also contribute to other severe health conditions, including thyroid disease, liver problems, cardiovascular disease, reproductive issues such as reduced fertility, increased risk of diabetes and high blood pressure, heightened risk of preeclampsia in pregnant people, and obesity.
Animal testing has also revealed that PFAS have the potential to cause birth defects and developmental delays in newborn animals.
With over 25 years of legal experience, Jessie is an Illinois lawyer, a CPA, and a mother of three. She spent the first decade of her career working as an international tax attorney at Deloitte.
In 2009, Jessie co-founded her own law firm with her husband – which has scaled to over 30 employees since its conception.
In 2016, Jessie founded TruLaw, which allows her to collaborate with attorneys and legal experts across the United States on a daily basis. This hypervaluable network of experts is what enables her to share reliable legal information with her readers!
At TruLaw, we fiercely combat corporations that endanger individuals’ well-being. If you’ve suffered injuries and believe these well-funded entities should be held accountable, we’re here for you.
With TruLaw, you gain access to successful and seasoned lawyers who maximize your chances of success. Our lawyers invest in you—they do not receive a dime until your lawsuit reaches a successful resolution!
Do you believe you’re entitled to compensation?
Use our Instant Case Evaluator to find out in as little as 60 seconds!
Camp Lejeune’s water contamination issue spanned several decades starting in the 1950s. Exposure to these chemicals has been linked to various serious health issues, including cancer, organ diseases, and death.
Research is increasingly suggesting a link between the use of Tylenol during pregnancy and the development of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and ADHD, in infants.
Legal action is being taken against manufacturers of Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF), a chemical used in fighting fires. The plaintiffs allege that exposure to the foam caused health issues such as cancer, organ damage, and birth and fertility issues.
On Thursday, the FDA notified the public of a recall initiated by Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. of three lots of its FreeStyle Libre 3 sensor, which is a component of the company’s FreeStyle Libre 3 Continuous Glucose Monitoring System. The company says that the implicated
According to the FDA, Carson City-based company Sierra Stain LLC recalled three shades of water-based tattoo inks from its Bloodline brand due to the presence of high levels of microorganisms. Sierra Stain announced the recall on August 23, 2024. The recall pertains to three shades
The FDA recently notified the public of a recall issued by Inari Medical regarding updating instructions for use of its ClotTriever XL Catheter 30mm device after reports of injury and death. The recall does not involve the removal or discontinuation of the product itself, but